Entrapment of cervical nerve roots in the neuroforamina, resulting in neck and arm pain and/or paresthesias

Strain or sprain to soft tissues in the neck region from repetitive overuse or minor trauma

Unilateral headache associated with neck region symptoms that are aggravated by neck movements or positions, associated with upper cervical joint or muscle dysfunction and coordination impairments of the deep neck flexor muscles. Considered a secondary headache

Entrapment or adhesions of the dura in the thoracic spine resulting in trunk pain

A painful condition of the neck as a result of degenerative processes or pathology of the local joint or myofascia, resulting in loss of end range neck mobility

Dysfunction in the jaw (temporomandibular joint) resulting in difficulty with opening, closing and/or chewing

A diffuse, tight band tightness or pain in the head and/or neck. Most common type of primary headaches in adults. Contributing factors may include soft tissue impairments in the cervical spine, postural deficits and non-optimal ergonomics.

Whiplash is an acceleration-deceleration mechanism of energy transfer to the neck often related to motor vehicle collisions or other traumas to the neck. There is a spectrum of associated symptoms that range from mild to chronic/severe disability. 45% have mild symptoms that respond well to typical rehabilitation. The moderate-severe category may respond poorly to rehabilitation and will likely require multimodal care.